Cryogenic Liquid Pump Structure

A cryogenic liquid pump primarily consists of interface flanges, an outer casing, inlet and outlet piping, a pump body, a rotor, an impeller, and a motor. Based on their application scenarios, these pumps are categorized into deep-cryogenic types (for liquid helium or hydrogen, requiring specialized metallic materials), semi-cryogenic types (for liquid nitrogen, involving low-pressure transfer), and high-temperature superconducting types (designed to withstand electron cascade effects). Sealing mechanisms utilize both static seals (typically rubber or ceramic rings) and dynamic seals (either mechanical or magnetic seals); bearings are frequently of the sliding type to minimize frictional losses (with the choice of material directly impacting the pump's service life). Pump selection requires careful consideration of key parameters-including media temperature (-196°C to -269°C), pressure (0.1 to 4 MPa), and flow rate (5 to 200 L/min)-while simultaneously evaluating sealing performance (targeting a leakage rate of less than 0.5%) and the applicable ingress protection (IP) rating (typically IP54 or higher).